@incollection{RagamayeTigiripalliVishalAgarwal,
abstract={The application of Raman spectroscopy to heterogeneous catalysts has undergone several changes over the years. Based on the information collected during characterization of the catalysts, these changes can be categorized into the three generations of applications. In the first-generation of applications, information from Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the catalysts when the environment surrounding the catalyst is not well controlled, for example, ambient conditions. This is also referred to as ex situ characterization. The second-generation applications are those where the vibrational information from the catalysts under controlled environments or in situ studies is examined, and the nature of the solid catalyst and gas-solid catalyst interactions are deciphered. Finally, the third-generation applications involve the simultaneous use of in situ Raman spectroscopy and reaction data to directly correlate the structure and reactivity information of the working heterogeneous catalysts. Such studies are referred to as operando Raman spectroscopy. More recently, Raman spectroscopy has been coupled with other characterization techniques to obtain additional information simultaneously, which are then correlated with the reactivity data. Furthermore, computational techniques coupled with operando Raman and other techniques are becoming in vogue for a more comprehensive understanding of the catalytic system. In this chapter, we primarily take up two case studies. In one, we highlight the three generations of application of Raman spectroscopy, and in the other, we show the importance of using density functional theory coupled with Raman spectroscopy to identify the molecular nature of the catalyst. The proper applications of Raman spectroscopy to heterogeneous catalysis is faced with several challenges. However, the future looks bright, and it is expected that we will continue to see a significant increase in research in this exciting area.},
author = {{Ragamaye Tigiripalli, Vishal Agarwal}, Goutam Deo},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
title = {{Case Studies on the Advances in the Raman Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts}},
url = {https://www.springerprofessional.de/en/case-studies-raman-spectroscopy/25374502}
}