Apoorva Chawla

Education

• Ph.D. (2013-Onwards)

  Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
  Supervisor: Prof. Aditya K. Jagannatham

• B.Tech. (2008-2012)

  Electronics and Communication Engineering, Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad

• Class XII & Class X

  CBSE Board, S.R.D.A.V Public School, Saharanpur

Research

Journals Articles

1. A. Chawla, R. K. Singh, A. Patel, A. K. Jagannatham and L. Hanzo, “Distributed detection for centralized and decentralized millimeter wave massive MIMO sensor networks,” in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 70, no. 8, pp. 7665-7680, Aug. 2021.
   Abstract

   Multi-sensor millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor networks (WSNs) relying on both distributed (D-MIMO) and centralized (C-MIMO) configurations are conceived. Hybrid combining based low complexity fusion rules are constructed for the fusion center (FC) for both D-MIMO and C-MIMO systems employing a partially connected structure (PCS) and a fully connected structure (FCS), respectively. The decision rules are based on the transmission of local binary sensor decisions and also take into account the accuracy of local detection at the individual sensors. Closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the probabilities of false alarm and correct detection to analyze the system's performance. Furthermore, the asymptotic distributed detection (DD) performance corresponding to both antenna architectures is analyzed in the large-scale antenna regime along with the pertinent power scaling laws. Additionally, digital signaling matrices are designed for enhancing the system performance. Our simulation results quantify the performance gains of the proposed architectures, which closely match the analytical results.

2. A. Chawla, A. S. Sarode, A. K. Jagannatham and L. Hanzo, “Distributed parameter detection in massive MIMO wireless sensor networks relying on imperfect CSI,” in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 506-519, Jan. 2021.
   Abstract

   Distributed parameter detection is conceived for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where multiple sensors collaborate to detect the presence/ absence of a spatially correlated parameter. Neyman-Pearson (NP) and generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)-based detectors are developed at the fusion center (FC) for known and unknown parameter detection scenarios, respectively. More explicitly, the GLRT detector also has to estimate the unknown parameter value. Closed-form expressions are derived for the probabilities of detection (P_D) and false alarm (P_FA) in order to characterize the performance of the proposed schemes. Furthermore, the optimal sensor transmit gains are determined for maximising the detection performance attained. An asymptotic performance analysis is carried out for determining the gain scaling laws for the massive MIMO WSN considered, when the number of antennas tends to infinity. The proposed framework is also extended to the realistic imperfect channel knowledge scenario at the FC, followed by the development of the associated fusion rules and analytical results to characterize the performance. Our simulation results closely tally the theoretical findings.

3. A. Chawla, A. Patel, A. K. Jagannatham and P. K. Varshney, “Distributed detection in massive MIMO wireless sensor networks under perfect and imperfect CSI,” in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 67, no. 15, pp. 4055-4068, Aug. 2019.
   Abstract

   This paper considers the problem of distributed detection for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Neyman-Pearson criterion based fusion rules are developed at the fusion center (FC) that also incorporate the local probabilities of detection and false alarm of the constituent sensor nodes. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the probabilities of detection and false alarm at the FC for various signaling schemes employed by the sensors. The fusion rules and analysis are extended to the scenario with imperfect channel state information (CSI). Furthermore, signaling matrices are determined for the massive MIMO WSN to enhance detection performance. The asymptotic detection performance of the WSN is analyzed for the large antenna regime, which yields pertinent power scaling laws with respect to the number of antennas at the FC. Simulation results demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed schemes and also validate the theoretical findings.

4. A. Chawla, P. S. Kumar, S. Srivastava and A. K. Jagannatham, “Centralized and distributed millimeter wave massive MIMO based data fusion with perfect and Bayesian learning (BL)-based imperfect CSI,” in IEEE Transactions on Communications,(under review)
   Abstract

   This paper presents low-complexity decision rules as well as the pertinent analysis for data fusion in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The proposed framework considers both unknown and known parameter scenarios, and the spatial correlation arising due to close proximity of the sensors for both the centralized MIMO (CMIMO) and distributed MIMO (D-MIMO) antenna configurations. The resulting detection performance is characterized by determining the closed-form expressions of probabilities of detection and false alarm for both antenna configurations. The optimal sensor gains are also determined for both the D-MIMO and C-MIMO architectures to further improve the detection performance. Additionally, asymptotic analysis is presented for both antenna configurations to determine the power scaling laws for the mmWave massive MIMO WSN, which lead to an improved sensor battery life without sacrificing the system performance. Furthermore, decision rules are also derived along with the pertinent analysis for a practical scenario with uncertainty in the channel state information (CSI) at the fusion center, wherein CSI of the mmWave massive MIMO channel is estimated using the novel sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) framework. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed schemes and to validate the analytical results.

5. P. S. Kumar, A. Chawla, S. Srivastava and A. K. Jagannatham, “Decision fusion in frequency selective millimeter wave massive MIMO sensor networks,” (under preparation)
   Abstract

Peer Reviewed Conference Proceedings

1. A. Chawla, R. K. Singh, A. Patel and A. K. Jagannatham, “Distributed detection in millimeter wave massive MIMO wireless sensor networks,” 2020 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM), 2020, pp. 1-5.
   Abstract

   This paper considers a distributed detection framework for millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A hybrid combining based low complexity fusion rule is derived at the fusion center (FC) that also incorporates the local probabilities of detection and false alarm of the individual sensor nodes, thus making it suitable for practical scenarios. Closed-form expressions for the probabilities of detection and false alarm are evaluated to characterize the system performance. Moreover, a deflection coefficient maximization based framework is also developed to determine the signaling matrix that further improves the detection performance of the proposed scheme. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed detector and to corroborate the analytical results.

2. A. Chawla and A. K. Jagannatham, “Spectral efficiency of very large multiuser MIMO systems for time-selective fading,” 2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2019, pp. 1-5.
   Abstract

   This paper investigates the uplink asymptotic performance of single-cell multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) system with a very large antenna array for time-selective fading channels, resulting from user mobility. To exploit the temporal correlation of the channel, the Kalman filter (KF) is developed for channel estimation, followed by its asymptotic performance analysis. A lower bound on the uplink achievable rate is obtained in the asymptotic limit of a large number of time slots and a finite number of base station (BS) antennas for linear receivers, such as the maximum ratio combiner (MRC) and zero-forcing (ZF) receiver. In addition the pertinent power scaling law is also derived for a large number of antennas. Finally, simulation results are presented to validate the analytical results.

3. A. Chawla, A. Patel, A. K. Jagannatham and P. K. Varshney, “Robust distributed detection in massive MIMO wireless sensor networks under CSI uncertainty,” 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall), Chicago, IL, USA, 2018, pp. 1-5.
   Abstract

   This paper presents a Neyman-Pearson (NP) criterion based optimal distributed detection framework for a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless sensor network (WSN). Robust fusion rules are determined for the local decisions transmitted by the sensor nodes, considering the availability of both perfect as well as imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the fusion center. Further, the probability of error of the individual sensor decisions, which arises in practical scenarios, is also incorporated in the decision framework. Closed form expressions are derived to characterize the resulting probabilities of detection and false alarm for the system. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed detectors in comparison to the existing detectors and to validate the theoretical findings.

4. A. Chawla, N. K. D. Venkategowda and A. K. Jagannatham, “Pilot based channel estimation for frequency selective multi-user MIMO MC-CDMA systems,” 2017 Twenty-third National Conference on Communications (NCC), 2017, pp. 1-5.
   Abstract

   Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) wireless systems are sensitive to multi-user interference (MUI), which increases with increase in the number of users. In order to study its effect, pilot based linear channel estimators are derived considering also the effect of MUI in frequency-selective MIMO MC-CDMA wireless systems. The proposed schemes are based on the novel multi-path multi-carrier decorrelator (MMD) receiver structure and include the maximum likelihood (ML), Wiener filter (WF) and matched filter (MF) techniques. Further, we derive closed form expressions for the biases and variances of the various estimators. Simulation results demonstrate the MSE performance of the proposed estimators. Further, the derived analytical expressions can also be seen to accurately predict the simulation results.

Accomplishments

Honors & Awards

• Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Virtual Research Cafe (ReCafe) Speaker- Selected as a speaker to present a 3-minute overview of my research at 5th TCS Virtual ReCafe, in Jun. 2021
• TCS Research Fellowship- Awarded the prestigious TCS Research Fellowship for pursuing doctoral studies at IIT Kanpur from Jul. 2016 to Jun. 2020
• Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship (QIF) Finalist- Selected as one of the finalists for QIF from 136 teams by Qualcomm, India, in 2019
• International Travel Grant- Awarded by IIT Kanpur to present my work at 89th IEEE VTC at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in Apr. 2019
• International Travel Support- Awarded by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) to present my work at 88th IEEE VTC at Chicago, IL, USA, in Aug. 2018
• Department Travel Grant- Awarded by IIT Kanpur to present my work at 23rd NCC, in Mar. 2017
• Doctoral Fellowship- Awarded by Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India, for Post-Graduate studies from Jul. 2013 to Jun. 2016
• Overall Excellence Award- Awarded by Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad, for academic excellence in 2012
• Excellence Award- Awarded by Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad, for academic performance every year in session 2008-2012
• 1^st Place- Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad, throughout in session 2008-2012
• 6^th Place- Gautam Buddh Technical University, Lucknow, in 2012

Extra-Curriculars

• Mentor- PG Orientation Team of Counselling Service at IIT Kanpur, 2015-2016
• Member- PG Orientation Team of Counselling Service at IIT Kanpur, 2014-2015
• Member- Alumni Contact Program at IIT Kanpur, 2014-2015
• Organizing Team Member- 20th National Conference on Communications held at IIT Kanpur during Feb. 28 to Mar. 3, 2014
• Member- Departmental Post Graduate Committee at IIT Kanpur during Fall-2013 and Spring-2014
• Participant- Several cleanliness drives organized by the waste management group PARIVARTAN at IIT Kanpur
• Organizing Member- Various events during Cultural and Technical fests at IPEC, Ghaziabad and IIT Kanpur.
• Hobbies- Travel, Art, Volunteering, Learning languages & Sports

Talks & Projects

Lectures & Tutorials Conducted

• Conducted MATLAB tutorials during short course on PYTHON + MATLAB-Based Summer Research School on Convex Optimization for Machine-Learning and 5G Wireless Technology at IIT Kanpur from Jun. 14-27, 2021
• Conducted PYTHON and R tutorials during short course on PYTHON + R Projects for 5G NOMA, Cooperative and Cognitive Radio at IIT Kanpur from Mar. 8-19, 2021
• Conducted PYTHON and R tutorials at short course on PYTHON + R Projects for 5G MU Massive MIMO and mmWave MIMO at IIT Kanpur from Feb. 15-26, 2021
• Conducted PYTHON tutorials during short course on PYTHON for 5G NOMA, Cooperative and Cognitive Radio at IIT Kanpur from Jan. 4-12, 2021
• Conducted PYTHON tutorials during short course on PYTHON for 5G MU, Massive MIMO and mmWave MIMO at IIT Kanpur from Dec. 21-30, 2020
• Conducted MATLAB tutorials during short course on Online MATLAB Project Course on Latest MIMO Technologies for 5G Networks and IoT: Massive MIMO, mmWave MIMO, NOMA, Cooperative Communication, Cognitive Radio and IoT at IIT Kanpur from Jul. 27- Aug. 3, 2020
• Conducted MATLAB tutorials during short course on MATLAB Project Course on Design and Performance Analysis of 5G Wireless Systems: mmWave, Massive MIMO, NOMA, FBMC, Full Duplex and IoT at IIT Kanpur from Nov. 13-19, 2019
• Conducted tutorials during short course on Massive MIMO and Millimeter Wave MIMO Technologies for 5G Networks at IIT Kanpur from Jan. 3-6, 2019
• Conducted a mini-project and tutorials during short course on Spectrum Sensing for MIMO-OFDM Cognitive Radio Systems at IIT Kanpur from Apr. 21-23, 2017
• Conducted tutorials during short course on Signal Processing for 5G Massive MIMO Wireless Systems at IIT Kanpur from Jan. 28-31, 2017
• Conducted tutorials during short course on Cognitive Radio and Wireless Communications-Theory, Practice and Security, under Global Initiative for Academic Networks at IIT Kanpur from Sep. 1-10, 2016

Workshops/Short Courses Attended

• Attended JTG/IEEE ITSoc Summer School in Information Theory, Signal Processing, Telecommunication, and Networking, organized by IIT kanpur from Jun. 28 to Jul. 1, 2021
• Attended 5G workshop on “Prototyping Experimental 5G Testbeds,” chaired by Prof. Arogyaswami Paulraj, at Twenty Third National Conference on Communications during Mar. 1-4, 2017 at IIT Madras
• Attended Shannon’s Centenary Day, celebrated by the IEEE Information Theory Society, IIT Kanpur on Oct. 19, 2016

Work Experience

Internships

• APPIN TECHNOLOGY LABS, Noida | (Summer 2010)
Designed a line following robot using microcontroller 8051 that can detect the difference between bright and dark objects

Teaching Experience

• NPTEL-MOOC (Massive Open Online Course), Teaching Assistant
  COURSES:
• Principles of Communication Systems: Part–II (Jul. 2021 - Sep. 2021)
• Principles of Signals and Systems (Jan. 2021 - Apr. 2021)
• Principles of Signal Estimation for MIMO/ OFDM Wireless Communication (Sep. 2020 - Dec. 2020)
• Principles of Communication Systems-I (Jan. 2020 - Apr. 2020)
• Bayesian MMSE Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Wireless Communications (Jul. 2016 - Sep. 2016)

• Graduate Teaching Assistant, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, IIT Kanpur
  COURSES:
• Detection and Estimation Theory: Spring 2016
• Principles of Communication: Fall 2014 & Fall 2016
• Introduction to Electronics: Fall 2015, Fall 2017, Spring 2016 & Spring 2017 (Tutor)

Professional Services

TECHNICAL REVIEWER

• Journals
  • IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
  • IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
  • IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
  • IEEE Communications Letters
• Conferences
  • IEEE ICC: {2020}
  • IEEE GLOBECOM: {2019}
  • IEEE ITNAC: {2020, 2017}
  • IEEE ANTS: {2016}
  • IEEE SPCOM: {2018, 2016}
  • IEEE NCC: {2019, 2018, 2017, 2016}
• Projects
  • SERB and ECR

Distractions

Endurance Sports

• MARATHONS (🏃):
  I have run a half marathon (21 km) organized by the Adventure Club, IIT Kanpur, in Apr. 2017. In addition to half marathon, I have successfully completed many 12 Km/ 6 km runs at different venues. In future, I want to run a full marathon (42 km).


• BIKING (🚴):
  I have completed many bike rides from IIT Kanpur to Kanpur City Tour (100 km to & fro), Memorial Church (35 km to & fro), Ganga Bairaj (30 km to & fro), Bithoor (30 km to & fro), etc.


• DUATHLONS (🏃🚴)/ TRIATHLONS (🏊🚴🏃):
  I have completed Super Sprint Duathlon (🏃5 Km, 🚴10 Km) organized by the Adventure Club, IIT Kanpur in 2013. Now, I am aiming for half Ironman 70.3 (🏊1.2 miles, 🚴56 miles, 🏃13.1 miles)

Adventure Sports ()

I have completed many treks in Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, such as Alpather Lake Trek (Altitude: 4,390 m), Tulian Lake Trek (Altitude: 3,684 m), Chandrakhani Pass Trek (Altitude: 3,650 m) etc. Moreover, I learned swimming, fencing, taekwondo and wall climbing at IIT Kanpur. In addition, I have been mesmerized by the experience of scuba diving and snorkeling at Maldives in 2020; paragliding at Bir Billing in 2014; river rafting (15 km) at Rishikesh in 2014. I would also love to explore skydiving and skiing.

Art ()

I have always been a creative person and find it relaxing to indulge in craft activities. It largely means to create handmade products and includes a range of different crafts, such as scrapbook making, pencil sketching, clay modeling, quelling, calligraphy and more.

Travel( )

I love to travel and has a keen interest in exploring different cultures. The excitement of exploring new places and discovering different cuisines, lifestyles and languages, have always enriched my life. Travelling has taught me how to learn, grow, adapt, challenge myself and keep moving.

Contact Me

ACES 205, MWN Lab,
Dept. of Electrical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur,
Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Pin Code: 208016
E-mail: capoorva@iitk.ac.in

• Email