Reversed Carnot Cycle as a Refrigeration Cycle

Figure 31.1 shows a reversed Carnot cycle. It consists of the following processes:

1-2: Isentropic compression of the working fluid. At the end of the compression, the working fluid is at T_H.

2-3: Isothermal energy rejection as heat (Q_H) to the surroundings.

3-4: Isentropic expansion. The temperature of the working fluid at the end of expansion is T_L

4-1: Isothermal energy transfer as heat (Q_L) from the low temperature reservoir at T_L to the working fluid

(31.1)