LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ON INDIAN ARCHAEOMETALLURGY

 

Professor R. Balasubramaniam

Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering,

Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, INDIA

Email: bala@iitk.ac.in

Phone: +91 512 2597089 (off) /2598579 (home_1)/ 2591656 (home_2)

Mobile: 0512 320 3309 (Reliance)

 Fax: +91 512 2590260/2590007

URL: http://home.iitk.ac.in/~bala

 

Books

1.   Delhi Iron Pillar: New Insights (ABSTRACT PDF)

      R. Balasubramaniam

      Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla and Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 2002.

      Hardbound, ISBN-81-7305-223-9.

2.   Metallurgical Marvels of Ancient India: Delhi Iron Pillar (COVERPAGEPDF)

      R. Balasubramaniam

      Heritage Publications Series 49, Indian Institute of Scientific Heritage, Trivandrum, 2002.

3.   The World Heritage Complex of the Qutub

      R. Balasubramaniam

      Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 2005.

      Hardbound, ISBN 81-7305-293-X

4.   Delhi Iron Pillar – A Metallurgical Marvel

      R. Balasubramaniam

      Foundation Books, New Delhi, 2005.

      Paperback, ISBN-81-7596-278-X.

 

Journal Publications

1.        Studies on the Corrosion Resistance of The Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        NML Technical Journal,  37 (1995) 123-142. (COVERPAGEPDF)

2.        Destannification of Ancient Indian High Tin Bronze

M. C. Srivastava and R. Balasubramaniam

        Practical Metallography, 34 (1997) 573-583.

3.        Mixed Potential Analysis of the Corrosion Resistance of The Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 50 (1997) 23-35.( COVERPAGE PDF)

4.        Corrosion Behaviour of Ancient 1500-Year Old Gupta Iron

        V. Puri, R. Balasubramaniam and A.V. Ramesh Kumar

        Bulletin of Metals Museum, 28 (1997-II) 1-9.

5.        New Insights on the Corrosion of the Delhi Iron Pillar based on Historical and Dimensional Analysis

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Current Science, 73 (1997) 1057-1067. (COVERPAGE PDF)

6.        Corrosion Product Analysis of Corrosion Resistant Ancient Indian Iron

        A.V. Ramesh Kumar and R. Balasubramaniam

        Corrosion Science, 40 (1998) 1169-1178. (FULLPAPERPDF)

7.        Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of an Ancient Silver Punch-Marked Coin with Central Pentagonal Mark

N. Mahajan and R. Balasubramaniam

Numismatic Digest, 21-22 (1997-1998) 153-168.

8.        The Decorative Bell Capital of the Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Journal of Metals, 50, Number 3 (1998) 40-47. (FULLPAPER PDF) (COVERPAGE PDF)

9.        On the Presence of Lead in the Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Bulletin of Metals Museum, 29-I (1998) 19-39. (COVERPAGE PDF)

10.     Elucidation of Manufacturing Technology Employed to Construct the Body of  the Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Bulletin of Metals Museum, 31 (1999) 42-66.  (COVERPAGE PDF)

11.     Some Aspects of Lead Presence in the Delhi Iron Pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

Current Science, 77 (1999) 681-686 (COVERPAGE PDF)

12. Delhi iron pillar rust characterization by x-ray diffraction analysis

R. Balasubramaniam

NML Technical Journal, 41 (1999) 13-20.( COVERPAGE PDF)

13.     Delhi iron pillar rust characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis

A.V. Ramesh Kumar and R. Balasubramaniam

NML Technical Journal, 41 (1999) 37-41.( COVERPAGE PDF)

14.     Delhi iron pillar rust characterization by Mossbauer  spectroscopy analysis

A.V. Ramesh Kumar and R. Balasubramaniam

NML Technical Journal, 41 (1999) 57-61.( COVERPAGE PDF)

15.     Identity of Chandra and Vishnupadagiri of the Delhi Iron Pillar Inscription: Numismatic, Archaeological and Literary Evidence

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Bulletin of Metals Museum, 32 (2000) 42-64.( COVERPAGE PDF)

16.     Characterization of Delhi Iron Pillar Rust by X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Infrared Transform Spectroscopy and Mössbauer Spectroscopy

R. Balasubramaniam and A.V. Ramesh Kumar

Corrosion Science, 42 (2000) 2085-2101. (FULLPAPER PDF) (PDF)

17.     On the Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

Corrosion Science, 42 (2000) 2103-2129. (FULLPAPER PDF) (PDF)

18.     The Protective Passive Film of the Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Bulletin of Metals Museum, 34 (2001) 64-86 (COVERPAGE PDF)

19.     Characterization of Ancient Indian Iron and Entrapped Slag Inclusions Electron, Photon and Nuclear Microprobes

P. Dillmann and R. Balasubramaniam

Bulletin of Materials Science, 24 (2001) 317-322.

20.     New Insights on the 1600-Year Old Corrosion Resistant Delhi Iron Pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

Indian Journal of History of Science, 36 (2001) 1-49. (FULLPAPERPDF)

21.  Some Metallurgical Aspects of Ancient Indian OCP Period Copper

R. Balasubramaniam, M.N. Mungole, V.N. Prabhakar, D.V. Sharma and D. Banerjee

        Man and Environment, XXVI.2 (2002) 89-97.

22.   Studies on Ancient Indian OCP Period Copper

R. Balasubramaniam, M.N. Mungole, V.N. Prabhakar, D.V. Sharma and D. Banerjee

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 37 (2002) 1-15. (FULLPAPER PDF)

23.  A New Study on the Dhar Iron Pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

Indian Journal of History of Science, , 37.2 (2002) 115-151. (FULLPAPER PDF)

24.  On the Origin of High Phosphorus Content in Ancient Indian Iron

V. Kumar and R. Balasubramaniam

International Journal of Metals, Materials and Processes, 14 (2002) 1-14.

25.  Characterization of Protective Rust on Ancient Indian Iron using Microprobe Analyses

        P. Dillmann, R. Balasubramaniam and G. Beranger

        Corrosion Science, 44 (2002) 2231-2242. (FULLPAPER PDF)

26.   On the growth kinetics of the protective passive film of the Delhi iron pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

Current Science, 82 (2002) 1357-1365. (FULLPAPER PDF)

        http://tejas.serc.iisc.ernet.in/~currsci/jun102002/1357.pdf

27.   Material and electrochemical characterization of ancient OCP Copper

        T. Laha, R. Balasubramaniam, V.N. Prabhakar, D.V. Sharma and D. Banerjee

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 37 (2002) 321-329.( FULLPAPER PDF)

28.   Delhi Iron Pillar and Its Relevance to Modern Technology (letter)

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Current Science, 84 (2003) 126-127.( FULLPAPER PDF)

29. Effect of Material Inhomogeneity on Protective Passive Film Formation on Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Current Science, , 84 (2003) 534-541.( FULLPAPER PDF)

        http://tejas.serc.iisc.ernet.in/~currsci/feb252003/534.pdf

30.  Dhar Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Bulletin of Metals Museum, 36 (2003) 23-44.

31.   Phosphoric Irons for Concrete Reinforcement Applications (Letter)

         R. Balasubramaniam

         Current Science, 85 (2003) 9.( FULLPAPER PDF)

32.    Alloy Design of Ductile Phosphoric Iron: Ideas from Archaeometallurgy

         Gouthama and R. Balasubramaniam

         Bulletin of Materials Science, 26 (2003) 483-492. (FULLPAPER PDF)

33.    On the Origin of Non-Uniform Surface Electrochemical Potentials on the Delhi Iron Pillar

         R. Balasubramaniam

         Current Science, 85 (2003) 378-382.( FULLPAPER PDF)

34.   Corrosion Resistance of the Dhar Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam and A.V. Ramesh Kumar

         Corrosion Science, 45 (2003) 2451-2465 (FULLPAPER PDF)

35.   Influence of Manufacturing Methodology on the Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 38 (2003)195-214. (COVERPAGE PDF)

36.   Metallurgical Investigations on a Chalcolithic Copper Nail from Balathal

        A. Srivastava, R. Balasubramaniam and V.N. Misra

        Man and Environment, 28 (2003) 33-40.

37.    Some Metallurgical Aspects of Gupta Period Gold Coin Manufacturing Technology

         R. Balasubramaniam and N. Mahajan                                

         Indian Journal of History of Science, 38 (2003) 331-349.

38.    Material Characterization of Ancient Indian Copper

         A. Srivastava and R. Balasubramaniam

         Bulletin of Materials Science,26 (2003) 593-600. (FULLPAPER PDF)

39.    Forging and Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

         R. Balasubramaniam

         Bulletin of Jnana Pravaha, 6 (2003) 61-72. (COVERPAGEPDF)

40.    A Marvel of Medieval Indian Metallurgy: Thanjavur’s Forge-Welded Iron Cannon

         R. Balasubramaniam, A. Saxena, T.R. Anantharaman, S. Reguer and P. Dillmann

         JOM, 56, Issue 1 (2004) 17-23. (FULLPAPER PDF)

41.    Characterization of Rust on Ancient Indian Iron

         R. Balasubramaniam, A.V. Ramesh Kumar and P. Dillmann

         Current Science ,85 (2003) 1546-1555. (FULLPAPER PDF)

42.    Long Term Corrosion Behavior of Copper in Soil: A Study of Archaeological Analogues

         R. Balasubramaniam, T. Laha and A. Srivastava

         Materials and Corrosion, 55 (2004) 194-202. (FULLPAPER PDF)

43.    On the Role of Environment on the Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

         S. Halder, G.K. Gupta and R. Balasubramaniam

         Current Science, 86 (2004) 559-566. (FULLPAPER PDF)

44.    Estimation of the Original Erection Site of the Delhi Iron Pillar at Udayagiri

         M.I. Dass and R. Balasubramaniam

         Indian Journal of History of Science, 39.1 (2004) 54-71. (COVERPAGEPDF)

45.   On the Astronomical Significance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam and M.I. Dass

        Current Science, 86 (2004) 1134-1142. (FULLPAPER PDF)

46.    On the Original Image atop the Delhi Iron Pillar

         M.I. Dass, R. Balasubramaniam and E.M. Raven

         Indian Journal of History of Science, 39 (2004) 177-203. (COVERPAGEPDF)

47.   Conservation Issues Relating to the Forge-Welded Iron Cannon at Thanjavur

        A. Saxena and R. Balasubramaniam

        Conservation of Cultural Property in India, Journal of the Indian Association for the Study of Conservation of Cultural Property,  32-33 (1999-2000) 75-81.

48.   The Importance of Summer Solstice at Udayagiri

        A.M. Sharan and R. Balasubramaniam

        Bharti, 28 (2003-4) 71-86.

49.   Detecting Non-uniform Phosphorus Distribution in Ancient Indian Iron by Color

        Metallography

        P. Piccardo, M.G. Ienco, R. Balasubramaniam and P. Dillmann

        Current Science, 87 (2004) 650-653. (FULLPAPER PDF)

50.   Date of Sanakanika Inscription and its Astronomical Significance for Archaeological Structures at Udayagiri

        A.M. Sharan and R. Balasubramaniam

        Current Science, 87 (2004) 1562-1566. (FULLPAPER PDF)

51.   Material Selection of High-Level Nuclear Waste Storage Canisters: Lessons from Archaeometallurgy

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Current Science, 88 (2005) 337-338. (FULLPAPER PDF)

52. Rajagopala - The Massive Iron Cannon at Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu

        R. Balasubramaniam, A. Saxena and T.R. Anantharaman

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

53. Dal Mardan - The Medieval Forge Welded Iron Cannon at Bishnupur

        R. Balasubramaniam, K. Bhattacharya and A.K. Nigam

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

54. The Forge Welded Iron Cannon at Bada Burj of Golconda Fort Rampart

        R. Balasubramaniam, M. Surender and S. Sankaran

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

55. The Forge Welded Iron Cannon near Fateh Burj of Golconda Fort Rampart

        R. Balasubramaniam, S. Sankaran and M. Surender

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

56. Bhavani Shankar – The Forge Welded Iron Cannon at Jhansi Fort

        D. Neff and R. Balasubramaniam.

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

57.   Kadak Bijli – The Forge Welded Iron Cannon at Jhansi Fort

       R. Balasubramaniam.

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

58.    Archaeometallurgy of Ancient Indian Copper

         R. Balasubramaniam

         Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 2005.

59.    On the First Catalogue of Forge-Welded Iron Canons by Neogi

         R. Balasubramaniam

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

60:   Azdaha Paikar - The Composite Iron-Bronze Canon at Musa Burj of Golconda Fort

         R. Balasubramaniam

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

61.   Fath Raihbar - The Massive Bronze Canon at Petla Burj of Golconda Fort

         R. Balasubramaniam

        Indian Journal of History of Science, 2005.

62.    Technical Report on Analysis of Iron Slags from Kamrej

         R. Balasubramaniam and Tanushree

         Journal of Indian Ocean Archaeology, 2005.

 

 

Miscellaneous Publications

 

1.        New Insights on the Corrosion Resistant Delhi Iron Pillar (COVERPAGEPDF)

R. Balasubramaniam

Metallurgy in India – A Retrospective, NML Golden Jubilee Commemorative Volume, Eds. P. Ramachandra Rao and N.G. Goswami, India International Publisher, New Delhi, 2001, 104-133.

2.     Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar – Scale Characterization and Passive Film Growth Models (KEYNOTE LECTURE) (COVERPAGE PDF)

        R. Balasubramaniam and P. Dillmann

        Proceedings of the International Workshop on “Prediction of Long Term Corrosion Behaviour in Nuclear Waste Systems”, Eds. D. Feron and D.D. Macdonald, Cadarache, 26-29 November 2001, European Federation of Corrosion Publications, Number 36, The Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, London, 2003, pp. 261-279.

3.    Dehli iron pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam and P. Piccardo

        Proceedings of the International Conference on Archaeometallurgy in Europe, 24-26 September 2003, Milan, Italy, Associazione Italiana di Metallurgia, Volume 1, pp. 87-96.

4.     Studies on Ancient Indian Phosphoric Iron

        P. Piccardo, D. Maccio, P. Dillmann and R. Balasubramaniam

        Proceedings of the International Conference on Archaeometallurgy in Europe, 24-26 September 2003, Milan, Italy, Associazione Italiana di Metallurgia, Volume 2, pp. 599-608.

5.     Delhi Iron Pillar: Ideas for Heat Treatments and Surface Coatings (SPECIAL LECTURE)

        R. Balasubramaniam

         Proceedings of the International Conference on “Advances in Surface Treatments 2003”, International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials, Hyderabad, November 3-6, 2003.

6.      The Forge Welded Iron Cannon at Tanjore

         A. Saxena, R. Balasubramaniam and R.K. Singh Raman

         Proceedings of the Conference on Corrosion Control and NDT, Melbourne, Australia, 23-26th Nov 2003.

7.      Lal and the Conservation of the Delhi Iron Pillar

         R. Balasubramaniam

         Paper in Studies in Art and Archaeological Conservation: Dr. B.B. Lal Commemoration Volume, Edited by A.S. Bisht and S.P. Singh. Delhi, Agam Kala Prakashan, 2004, ISBN 81-7320-059-9.29, pp 45-62.

8.      Characterization of Rust on Ancient Indian Iron

         R. Balasubramaniam, A.V. Ramesh Kumar and P. Dillmann

         Chapter XIII in Science in Archaeology and Archaeomaterials, Ed. A.K. Biswas, D.K. Printworld, (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2005, pp. 275-314.

9.      Iron Pillar at Delhi

         R. Balasubramaniam

       Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, 2nd Edition, Editor: Helaine Selin, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2005.

 

 

 

Popular Articles

1.        The Corrosion Resistant Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Directions, 1 (1998) 7-9.

        http://www.iitk.ac.in/infocell/Archive/dirnov1/iron_pillar.html

2.        Car Se Antrix Tak (in Hindi)

R. Balasubramaniam

Dainik Jagran, 18 January 1999

3.        New Insights on the Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

Historical Metallurgy Society Newsletter, 46 (Winter 2000/1) 4-5.

4.        The Corrosion Resistant Delhi Iron Pillar

        R. Balasubramaniam

        Catalyzer, 2 (2001) 3.

http://www.hbcse.tifr.res.in/hbcse/main/icho/Catalyzer-2/pillar

5.        Corrosion Resistance of the Delhi Iron Pillar

R. Balasubramaniam

The Hindu, 12 September 2002.

http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/seta/2002/09/12/stories/2002091200090200.htm

6.        Delhi Iron Pillar (Part 1) (FULLPAPERPDF)

R. Balasubramaniam

IIM Metal News Volume 7, No. 2, April 2004, pp. 11-17.

7.        Delhi Iron Pillar (Part 2)

R. Balasubramaniam

IIM Metal News Volume 7, No. 3, June 2004, pp. 5-13.